#ümmügülsüm hatun

[reallifesultanas]

Family tree of Ahmed I

Ahmed (1590.04.18. - 1617.11.22.) - Kösem (~1589 - 1651.09.02.)

Mehmed 1605. 03. 08. - 1621. 01. 12.

Ayse ~1606 - 1657

Fatma ~1608 - 1671 (before March)

Hanzade 1609 - 1650.09.

disputed: Selim 1611.06.27.-1611.06.27.

Murad IV 1612.07.27. - 1640.02.08.

Kasim 1614 - 1638.02.17.

Ibrahim 1615.11.05. - 1648.08.18.

Ümmügülsüm ~1616 (possibly) - after 1690

Ahmed (1590.04.18. - 1617.11.22.) - Mahfiruze (~1589 - ~1612)

Osman II 1604.11.03. - 1622.04.20.

disputed: Gevherhan ~1606 - after 1631

disputed: Cihangir 1609

disputed Bayezid 1612. 12. - 1635.07.27.

Ahmed (1590.04.18. - 1617.11.22.) - Unknown concubine(s)

daughter born in 1605 March

Hasan 1612.11.25. - ~1612

Hüseyin 1613.11.14. - 1617

Atike 1614 - 1670

Süleyman 1615 - 1635.07.27.

Abide 1618 - 1648(?)

Orhan (died as a child)

Zahide (died as a child)

Zeynep (died as a child)

Esma (died as a child)

Hatice (died as a child)

Marriages of Ahmed I's daughters:

Gevherhan: - Öküz Kara Mehmed Pasha 1612-1621 * one son (1620) - Topal Recep Pasha 1623-until her own death * Safiye Hanimsultan (~1624-?) - married Mehmed Pasha and was his widow in 1638/9 - married Sadrazam Abaza Siyavuş Pasha 1643-1656

Ayşe: - Nasuh Pasha 1612-1614 - bethroed to Şehit Karakaş Mehmed Pasha 1614 - Müezzinzade Hafiz Ahmed Pasha 1622-1632 * Sultanzade Mustafa Bey 1628-1670 * Sultanzade X - Silahdar Ahmed Pasha 1639-1644 - Voynuk Ahmed Pasha 1645-1649 - Ibşir Mustafa Pasha 1654/5-?

Fatma: - Murtaza Pasha 1622- - Şehid Ali Pasha 1624 - Çatalcali Kapudan Hasan Pasha 1624-1626 * Sultanzade Hasan ~1625 - Kara Mustafa Pasha 1626-? - Sarraç Mustafa Pasha 1629-1630/1 - Kaçanikli Mehmed Pasha 1631 - Canpoladzade Mustafa Pasha 1632-1636 * Sultanzade Hüseyin 1633-1680 * Sultanzade Süleyman 1635-1665 - Koça Yusuf Pasha 1637-1658 * Sultanzade Ömer 1637-after 1670 - Melek Ahmed Pasha 1661-1662 - Kanbur Mustafa Pasha 1663-1666 - Közbekçi Yusuf Pasha 1667

Hanzade - married or bethroed to Murtaza Pasha’s son 1622 - Bayram Agha 1623-1638 * one son - Nakkaş Mustafa Pasha ~1641-until her death * Sultanzade Abdülbaki Bey ~1642-after 1685

Ümmügülsüm - married or bethroed to one pasha in 1626 - Halil Pasha ?-1641/2 - Hersekzade Ahmed Pasha ~1642-1648

Atike - son of Ekmekçizade Ahmed Pasha 1618-? - Sofu Kenan Pasha ~1624-1652 - Doganci Yusuf Pasha 1652-until her death

Theories:

The daughter born in 1605 March being Gevherhan (and then she was not Mahfiruze's daughter).

Hasan being Mahfiruze's not Bayezid and they both died due to complications.

Zeynep being Mahfiruze's daughter as Osman II possibly had a daughter Zeynep (as there are two Zeyneps buried in Ahmed I's türbe), and since Zeynep is not a dynastical name, Osman may named her after his deceased sister. PS: One of the sarcofagies is for a grown woman, which can be a mistake, or maybe Osman's daugter Zeynep reached adulthood (would be strange as until now there is no evidence for an adult sultana called Zeynep during this period).

Identity of Abide: Now it seems that Abide was not a daughter, but an aunt of Ahmed I and so the daughter of Murad III, see more under Murad III's family tree.

[haticesultanas]

I am really glad that you have answered my analysis of Ümmügülsüm Sultan as daughter of Ahmed I.

I have investigated Sultanas for 3 years for now and I want to share my findings about daughters of Bayezid II that are kinda new ones... I want to hear your comments.

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In work Şehzade Korkud (ca. 1468-1513) and the Articulation of Early 16th Century Ottoman Religious Identity on page 60 (note 43), it is said that İlaldı Sultan was said to be own sister of Selim I. Additionally, in work The marriage of Ibrahim Pasha on page 25, it is said that Ferhad Pasha and Ahmed Pasha were pashas from Selim’s household; one married his daughter and another his sister. Ahmed Pasha was on strong positions even through reign of Selim I, so... But, I think that he was not the first husband of İlaldı; as she was Selim’s sister, she must had been older than him and probably she got married when he was sent to province (1487) if not earlier.

There are multiple suggestions and claims of Sofu Fatma Sultan’s marriages. Öztuna claims that her first marriage was in 1482 to Mirza Mehmed Pasha (d. August 1517, who was remarried in 1513 to Şahnisa Sultan); Alderson in his tables claim that she was married in 1489 to son of Koca Davud Pasha, Mustafa Pasha (d. 1524), which J. Dumas also confirmed at the end of the 2013 book at page 477. She was married to Güzelce Hasan Bey at sometime, but in work Şehzade Korkud (ca. 1468-1513) and the Articulation of Early 16th Century Ottoman Religious Identity on page 55 (note 23) it is stongly claimed that in late 1504 she was still married to Hasan Bey, but in June she was reffered as former wife of Hasan Bey.  In Dumas’s 2013 book, somewhere I have found that she says that she remarried after Hasan Bey to certain Ahmed Pasha, but I couldn’t find it now. If all these four marriages happened, if you ask me, at least in two cases marriage ended with a divorce.

In work Wolf on the Border: Yahyapaşaoğlu Bali Bey (?-1527) by Fodor, it is strongly claimed that gift records show Yahya Pasha was married in 1501/02 to Aynışah Sultan, and that Bali Pasha was her stepson who married her daughter in 1508. I strongly consider suggestion of historians that Aynışah was Şirin Hatun’s daughter FALSE. They consider her being buried beside her grandmother and father, although it is Şirin Hatun’s granddaughter Aynışah Sultan (who was buried there when she died in 1540). Aynışah Sultan was married in 1489 to her first cousin Ahmed Bey, who was 13 years old at the time. I consider Aynışah to be similar in age of her husband (thus being born in 1475/76), because if she was Abdullah’s own sister, she was born before 1464, which would mean she was twice as old as her husband, which is unimaginable to me.

Serbian historian Gliša Elezović claimed that Bayezid II’s daughter Hümaşah Sultan was remarried after death of her husband Bali Pasha to governor of Skopje Mustafa Pasha. Later, one of the historians made work about Çoban Mustafa Pasha, who was governor of Skopje during reign of Bayezid II and claims that he was Hümaşah’s second husband, and that after her death he remarried Selim I’s daughter Hafsa Sultan in 1517. With Hümaşah Sultan he had four daughters, see on second page: https://acikerisim.fsm.edu.tr/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11352/1785/%C4%B0brahimgil.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Additionally, beside four daughters with Mustafa Pasha, Hümaşah Sultan had a son Hüseyinşah Bey, who died in 1566 and was from Karlizade family. Elezović also confirmed this, but also in work Journal of Turkish Studies 39 (2013), on page 248 this information is confirmed. But his father must have been from Karlizade family, and there was one of Bayezid II’s damads named Karlizade Mehmed Bey who was governor and still alive in 1511. In this document about provincial governors and damads of Bayezid II, he is reffered as II. Bayezid'in damatlarından Mehmed Bey bin Karlı'dır. Obviously, she divorced one of them…

In Fisher’s book The foreign relations of Turkey 1481-1512 we have two interesting informations; in 1481 there were recorded four sons-in-law of prince Bayezid (p. 17; note 33):

Hersekli Ahmed Pasha (Hundi Sultan lol); Sinan Pasha (Ayşe Sultan lol), Kasim aga-aga of the jannisaries and Rüstem pasha-janissary pasha. Are you able to find out what were names of wifes of other two pashas?

On page 93 of the same book:

It was not usual custom in Turkey to give daughters of the sultan to foreign princes, but Bayezid disregarded this usage and married two daughters outside the empire. One he had given to Amed Mirza of Persia, and now he cemented the friendship between Turkey and Egypt by sending a daughter to Cairo. This was in 1501, and the next year ambassadors were exchanged to discuss the affairs of Persia and the Syrian frontier.

In book Struggle for Domination in the Middle East by Shai Har-El (p. 215):

In 1501 Bayezid sent his daughter to marry the newly-enthroned Mamluk Sultan Kansu al-Gawri, thus confirming a peaceful relation between the two states. The following year, in the late 1502 Bayezid agreed to peace with Venice in order to free himself to deal with new problems emerging the East.

But, if you read Alderson’s tables (last note in tables of Bayezid II), he cites some source I couldn’t understand from Ulucay and says that this Sultana who married Kansuh was later accused of adultery. Nothing shocking to me as Kansuh al-Gawri was 60 years old at the time, and this Sultana was young. But I am dying to know what was her name. Could you be able to find out?

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You’re welcome, it was a very interesting read :D

I have to tell you in advance that it’s been a long time since I studied anything different from the Sultanate of Women so I may make mistakes or I may not know well what we’re talking about. Please, bear with me.

It's going to be very long, I'm sorry

If you don’t mind, I’m going to summarise what you said:

According to Nabil Al-Tikriti in Şehzade Korkud (ca. 1468-1513) and the Articulation of Early 16th Century Ottoman Religious Identity (p. 60, n. 43), İlaldı Sultan was “said to have been Selim’s full sister”

She married Ahmed Ağa (> Hâin Ahmed Paşa), who came from Selim I’s household and was one of his favourites (According to Öztuna, he was executed in Cairo)

According to Uluçay she must have died around 1518 because she doesn’t figure among the princesses who received a stipend from Selim I on that date

Sofu Fatma Sultan: she married Güzelce Hasan Bey (m. before late february 1504-june or before june 1506) and had a daughter with him. She married Ahmed Bey bin Ali Bey bin Mesih Paşa (Uluçay, p. 49). Her son Mehmed Çelebi later married Ayse Sultan daughter of Şehzade Alemşah.

According to Uluçay (via Sakaoglu), it’s not true that she had married Mustafa Bey, son of Grand Vizier Davud PashaYou may be right that she had a previous husband before Güzelce Hasan Bey because according to Uluçay she only had a daughter with him. He didn’t know her son Mehmed Çelebi’s father but that seems to mean she had another husband. Still, according to Uluçay, Sofu Fatma Sultan was also the wife of Ahmed Bey bin Ali Bey bin Mesih Paşa but both Sakaoglu and Oztuna maintain that he was the husband of her daughter instead.

Yes, so, about Dumas’ dissertation… Her family trees were not made by her, she simply reported what Alderson or Uluçay said in their books, so they’re not exactly sources. It can be seen in the fact that she never attempts to identify the princesses she finds in harem registers. For example, in her dissertation she says that “Gevherhan” was a daughter of Murad III with a concubine of non-haseki status (in reality that Gevherhan is Gevherhan binti Selim II, who had a long life) but she didn’t put her in the family trees at the end.

Aynışah Sultan: she first married Akkoyunlu Damad Göde Ahmed Bey in 1490, the marriage lasted until 1497 (when Ahmed Bey was killed during an uprising in Azerbaijan, where he had gone earlier that year to reclaim the throne of his grandfather, Akkoyunlu ruler Uzun Hasan). With Ahmed Bey, Aynışah had two daughters, Hanzade and an unnamed daughter who married her cousin Şehzade Alaeddin, son of Şehzade Ahmed. According to Öztuna, she also had a son: Sultân-zâde Zeynel Mîrzâ Bey. She secondly married Malkoçoğlu Dâmâd Yahyâ Pasha at the turn of the century (or 1501/1502). At the time, Yahya Pasha already had seven sons: Bali, Mahmud, Mehmed, Sinan, Ahmed, İskender, and Mustafa, who were all adults when their father married into the imperial family. In 1508, Yahya Pasha’s eldest son Bali Bey married one of Aynışah’s daughters from her previous marriage. The marriage was unhappy because the princess had several affairs, and did not produce any legitimate issue.

Akkoyunlu Damad Göde Ahmed Bey was the son of Gevherhan Sultan binti Mehmed II and Dâmâd Uğurlu Mehmed Mirza/Pasha. He was born in 1476 and was therefore 14 yo when he married Aynışah.

Hüma/Hümaşah Sultan: she firstly married Dâmâd Antalyalı Balı Paşa around 1482. After his death in 1494, she married Çoban Mustafa Paşa with whom she had four daughters: Huma, Hani, Şahzeman, and Ümmi Hatun (according to Mehmet Z. İbrahimgil in Makedonya'da Gazi Mustafa Paşa'nın Vakıf Malları). After Hümaşah Sultan’s death (1504??), Çoban Mustafa Pasha married Selim I’s daughter Hafsa.

The marriages of Selim I’s daughters are a mess, to say the least, so I won’t get into it. Turan says “In 1517 Mustafa Pasha married the widow of Bostancıbaşı Iskender Pasha, whom Selim had executed in 1515”. Öztuna gives these husbands to Hafsa, though he didn’t identify the bostancıbaşı: “=1. Dâmâd Fülân Ağa, bostâncıbaşı, executed by Yavuz. =2. Dâmâd Gaazî Çoban Mustafa Paşa (executed 20.8.1523) b. İskender Paşa (ölm. 1506)” I could not find any of Elezović’s works so I don’t know which his sources were. Grygor Boykov in Karlizâde ‘Ali Bey: an Ottoman Dignitary’s Pious Endowment and the Emergence of the Town of Karlova in Central Bulgaria (which is the essay in the Journal of Turkish Studies you mentioned) gives this information:

Another relative, one Hüseyin Şah Bey, who is known to have been an offspring of the Ottoman princess Huma Şah Sultan and of a member of the Karlizâde family, built in 1553/1554 in the village of Saray (near Skopje) a mosque, medrese, and a bridge over the river Vardar. He was buried there in 1566/1567 in a highly monumental mausoleum that almost rivals in size the mosque.

without sources, unfortunately.

The essay you mentioned is İlhan Gök’s İnamat Defteri’ndeki Verilere Göre 16. Yüzyılın İlk Çeyreğinde Osmanlı Eyalet ve Sancak Yöneticileri, where he repeatedly says that Mehmed Bey bin Karlı was a damad of Bayezid II.

Do you think she married Mehmed Bey bin Karlı before Çoban Mustafa Pasha? This Mehmed Bey was governor of İlbasan from 23 July 1505 to 21 March 1507, governor of Alaiye from 9 March 1509 to 15 October 1509, and governor of Vulçıtrın from 6 July 1510 to 7 December 1511. If Hümaşah had only a son with him, Hüseyin Şah Bey, this marriage could have been a short one. On the other hand, the marriage with Çoban Mustafa Pasha must have been longer since they had 4 daughters.

About Fisher’s book:

Kasim, aga of the janissaries (DaLezze*,* p. 164*);* Rustem, janissary pasha (DaLezze, p. 179); Hersekoglu Ahmed, beylerbey of Rumelia (Spanduguino, p. 170; P. Giovio, "Informatione di Paulo Giovio vescovo di Nocera, a Carlo Quinto Imperatore Auguisto” in Dell’historia universale dell’origine et imperio de Turchi [Sansovino, ed], p. 218r); and Sinan, beylerbey of Anatolia (Hammer, III, 339) were all related to Bayezid by marriage.

“DaLezze” is the Historia Turchesca whose paternity is disputed, but Italian historians say it was not written by Donato Da Lezze. In any case, I don’t have it so I can’t read what he said about these men.

So, Mehmed II died in 1481, and this note refers to when Bayezid was trying to reach Istanbul before Cem so he could claim the throne for himself.

Oztuna, in Devletler ve Hanedanlar , lists the Janissaries commanders. Between 1451 and 1515 Mehmed II had abolished the commander of the Janissaries, leaving only the segbânbaşı, that is his deputy.

Hasan Ağa (1451-), 'Abdurrahmân Ağa, Balaban Ağa, Trabzonlu Mehmed Bey, Yâ'qûb Ağa (-1462), Ramazân Ağa, Karagöz Mehmed Ağa, Ibrâhîm Ağa (1485), a different Karagöz Ağa (1497), Yûnus Ağa (1502), Balyemez 'Osmân Ağa (-1515).

It’s Selim I (in 1515) who restored the commander of the Janissaries and gave him a seat in the Divan.

Anyway, if we believe Oztuna to be accurate, there are no Kasim or Rustem during these years. The first Rustem I encountered was “Güzelce Rüstem Ağa 1531-1533”, who was a damad according to Alderson (but his source is Fisher...).

I don’t know anything about a marriage between an Ottoman princess and Qansuh II al-Ghawri, but I’ve found that Cem’s daughter Gevhermelik married An-Nasir Muhammad ibn Qaitbay in 1495.

So, the sources Alderson mentions are articles Uluçay published in Yeni Tarih Dünyası, which is a magazine and not really a scientific journal but that’s how Ottoman history was first spread in the 1950s:

Popular history journals had been a part of a widespread genre in Turkey whose growing population of readers was committed to historical knowledge rooted in nationalist Kemalist ideology and it’s advancement of a particular version of historical discourse. Such journals were published from the beginning of the twentieth century both by political parties and private owners. However they began to proliferate in the 1950s, partly as a result of the relaxation of the political system that had an effect on intellectual life in Turkey. […] Unlike strictly academic historical research, reaching a much more limited readership, popular historical texts can serve the purpose of spreading nationalist ideology to wider populations, and fulfill the need for a “history of the people”. In Turkey during the 1950s and 60s, popular historical literature was produced in the framework of the new Ottoman-centered historical discourse, and managed to reach populations of Turkish readers less exposed to academic historical discourse and less influenced by Kemalist reforms, i.e. non-elite classes. — Ruth Barzilai-Lumbroso, Turkish Men and the History of Ottoman Women: Studying the History of the Ottoman Dynasty’s Private Sphere Through Women’s Writings.

As for your last question, I think the woman accused of adultery is not the same princess who married the Mamluk sultan:

they’re two different notes referring to two different women:

Even without this inter-dynastic marriage between an Ottoman princess and a Mamluk Sultan (which I couldn’t confirm, not even by reading Marino Sanuto’s Diarii), there is so much information about Bayezid II’s daughters.

It was very interesting to read and research, thank you :D

[ottomanladies]

Murad II harem + children:

Consorts: 

(Hatice) Halîme/Alîme Hâtûn: Sakaoğlu claims that Hatice and Halime were two different consorts, aunt and niece, who both married Murad II but at different times. Halime was İsfendiyar Bey’s daughter and the woman Murad II married in the 1420s, but having died in the 1440s, the sultan proceeded to marry her niece, Hatice, daughter of her brother İbrahim II Bey. This theory would explain Küçük Ahmed’s late birth (1450).

Hümâ Hâtûn (?? - September 1449): Mehmed II's mother, her identity has not been established so far but she definitely was not a French princess, as later Ottoman chroniclers would claim.

Mara Hâtûn (??-14.9.1487): daughter of George Branković, despot of Serbia, she married Murad II as a young girl in September 1435. She was known in Europe as Sultanina or Sultana Maria. She was highly respected by Mehmed II, who used to call her "my mother" in official documents.

Hundi/Ümmügülsüm Hâtûn (??-14.2.1486): it is not exactly known whether she was one consort or two. Babinger writes that Hundi Hatun was Şehzâde 'Alâeddîn 'Alî's mother, other family trees indicate that she was called Ümmügülsüm and her daughter was called Hundi while it is also stated that she was called Hundi Ümmügülsüm.

Yeni Hâtûn: Sakaoğlu claims she was, in fact, Şehzâde 'Alâeddîn 'Alî's consort and not Murad II's.

Children:

Şehzâde Ahmed the Elder (1419-1420)

Şehzâde 'Alâeddîn 'Alî (1425-6.1443): Murad II's favourite son, he was governor of Manisa for a year and later governor of Amasya. He joined the 1443 Karaman expedition with his father and while he returned to Amasya he fell from a horse and died. He was buried in the Muradiye Complex in Bursa. At the time of his death he had two sons: Şehzâde Giyâşüddîn (1441-1445) and Şehzâde Tâceddîn (1442-1443)

Şehzâde Isfendiyâr (1425-1425): his mother was Halime Hatun, which is why he bears her father's name

Hatice Hatun (1425-??): she married Cândâroğlu Dâmad Kemâleddîn Bey and had three sons with him: Haşan Bey, Yahyâ Bey and Mahmûd Bey. Her descendants were still alive during the reign of Abdülmecîd I in the XIX century.

Hafsa Hatun (1426-??): she married Cândâroğlu Sultânzâde Dâmâd Kaya Bey, the son of her aunt Sultan Hatun, daughter of Mehmed I.

Fatma Hatun (1430-??): she married Dâmâd Zağanos Mehmed Paşa and had two children with him: Hamza Bey and Ahmed Çelebî. Ahmed Çelebî would become an important adviser to Bayezid II

Şehzâde Hüseyn (??-1439): he died as a child

Şehzâde Orhân (??-1441): he died as a child

Şehzâde Hasan (??-1444): he died as a child

Erhundi/Hundi Hatun: she married Dâmâd Yâ'qûb Bey, who would become Sultan Cem's royal tutor

Şehzâde Selçuk Hatun (??-1480): she was married twice, firstly to Dâmâd Güveyi Karaça Paşa and then to Dâmâd Yûsuf Sİnâneddîn Paşa. She was buried next to Şehzâde 'Alâeddîn 'Alî.

Mehmed II the Conqueror (1432-1481): 7th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire

Şehzâde Ahmed the Younger (1450-18.2.1451): son of Hatice Hatun, he was executed by Mehmed II

[reallifesultanas]

Family of Murad II.